How To Really Avoid Plagiarism In Essay Writing

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How To Really Avoid Plagiarism In Essay Writing

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27 Best Essay Writing Apps [Updated] Essay Helper Apps

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Speaking Is Natural; Reading And Writing Are Not

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Life Science Strengths & Weaknesses of Contagion Theories - 825 Words

Life Science: Strengths and Weaknesses of Contagion Theories (Essay Sample) Content: Strengths and Weaknesses of Contagion TheoriesNameInstitutionStrengths and Weaknesses of Contagion TheoriesContagion theories pursue to explain systems as channels for infectious  behaviors and attitudes. Contagion theories are related to some theories like the Symbolic Interaction, Network, and Gatekeeping among others (Monge Contractor 2003). These arguments all focus on the different aspects of the social construction process. The initial proponent of the contagion theory of crowd behavior was Gustave Le Bon. Notably, the ideas not only serve as an explanation of group phenomena but also help aggravate the mass politics of the twentieth century. Indeed, Le Bon influenced a surplus of tyrants and agitators, precisely, Goebbels, Hitler, and Mussolini. The power of contagion theory was an expression of Le Bons objectives. He frequently admonished modern establishment figures to employ his ideologies to use the power of multitude for, rather than against, the stat e. His perception matched the worries of the age in their totality: panic and fascination in equal measure; disparagement of the mutual intelligence, the yoking of group energy. The theory represents the core concept of submergence and therefore for Le Bon it marked the transition from individual psychology to crowd psychology. Notably, the paper focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the contagion theory of group behavior.Notably, the contagion theories have a myriad of strengths. When people are together, they gain a sense of substantial power due to their numbers (Stephenson Fielding 2008).. It is no wonder that the idea of democracy has become the most popular form of governance in the world today. The voice of a group is imperative when it comes to airing or agitating for their collective good than when alone. The isms of the contagion theory have occasionally been applied to the world history where proponents of human liberation have gathered support from the crowd to ach ieve the common good. For example, the emancipation of the people of color in the American history was achieved was achieved through joint efforts of the people. The critics of the theories argue that the theory is responsible for social unrest the legacy it bears in the history of liberation cannot be scorned.Not only does the theories of contagion tend to cultivate the power of the people nut they also instigate a sense of social responsibility among the people. Indeed at times people may become more generous and more affectionate to others under deindividuated conditions (Mann, Newton, Innes, 2010). Social cohesion and accountability brought about by the unity of the crowd are imperative in bringing people to closer and passionate about the welfare of others in the society. Notably, the critics of the contagion theories argue that by advocating social responsibility the theories deny individuals to practice the personal responsibility. However, the benefits accrued from working as a group are so enormous that they cannot be disregarded.Importantly, the theories of contagion do not alienate individuals from practicing their free will as the cynics draw. As long as people commit to the typical course, they always have time to fulfill their person calls. Moreover, their unity as a people is an open platform where they can share their diverse minds and grow their ideas for a common course (Stephenson Fielding 2008). In fact, it is the power of shared ideas, not individual knowledge that builds and transforms the society. For example, sharing and interaction between Socrates and the youths of Greece led to the transformation of the Roman society. Irrefutably, the power of the society rests on the strong knowledge held by the shared experience of its members without which it will fragment.The theory possesses some ground upon which contemporary psychologists predicate their ideas. Even if Le Bons reputation has fallen into some dishonor, his intellectual tradit ion continues to have a strong influence on modern behaviorists scholars (Mann, Newton, Innes, 2010). Notably, the isms of the theories are more implicit, but the ideas can still exemplify benevolent power. Notably, there are dangers when people act under the influence of the crowd thinking, but the advantages associated with the same cannot be scorned. Therefore, the theories provide a perfect platform for latter psychologists to delve on crowd action something that is worth the credit (Steimer Mata, 2016).Nonetheless, there are fundamental weaknesses that can be made from the ideas of the contagion theories. Firstly; individual identity and the capability to control behavior disappear (Mann, Newton, Innes, 2010). Therefore, the crowd members become subject to contagion. That is, they are incapable of resisting any passing idea. More predominantly, individual intellect is obliterated by any passing emotion. The situation may render the crowd members to ransom their personal inte rests, which is a further sign of absurdity. Nonetheless, contagion is an effect of susceptibility. That is, the concepts and sentiments which swing unrestricted through the crowd descend primarily from the unconscious. The unconscious awakens an awkward substrate which triggers our sensible disposition and which is exposed when the conscious placement is flounced away (Steimer Mata, 2016). Therefore, the primitivism of insensible is reflected in the personality of crowd conduct.Notably, on an artistic level, contagion theories are squarely decontextualized. The mass is lifted from both the distal and the proximal settings in which it arises and acts. Arguably, if Le Bon's anxiety was with the working class crowds of late nineteenth century France, no sense is given of the gripes and political skirmishes which led angry protestors to amass. The lack of contextualization leads to reification and generalization (Stephenson Fielding 2008).. Behaviors that recount to the situation are seen as intrinsic features of the crowd. Therefore, there is an assumption that the behavior arises everywhere regardless of setting. Moreover, by obfuscating the conventional bases of behavior, the group action is rendered mindless and worthless. Thus, Le Bons crowd psychology breaks the link both between society and the self and between the person and behavior (Steimer Mata, 2016).By ignoring the issue of power, contagion models also ignore the potential of crowds and their transformative possibilities. By abhorring the individualistic notion of identity, the t...

Essay on The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant - 696 Words

Freshman Composition II November 1, 2005 The nineteenth century French writer, Guy De Maupassant, tells an intriguing story in The Necklace. He depicts the painful life of a beautiful woman, unhappily born into an average family of clerks. She felt that she was destined to marry into wealth but sadly found herself settling as she married an average copyist. Unlike the women of today, women in the nineteenth century were not fortunate enough to have a career of their own; they were either born into a wealthy family or married a man with money. In The Necklace, Guy De Maupassant creatively reveals Mathilde Loisels dreams of a decadent lifestyle. As her struggles start to unravel, it becomes obvious that her heartache is solely†¦show more content†¦Mr. Loisel was an average guy with an average job at the Ministry of Education as a copyist. He doesnt seem to be bothered by their basic yet comfortable lifestyle; however, Mathilde is obviously anguished over the lack of his riches. Mr. Loisel was obviously excited the day that The Chancellor of Education had invited them to an exquisite dinner. Surely he thought that this was finally a way that he could provide an outlet for Mathildes deepest desires. Unfortunately, instead of being thrilled as he had predicted, Mathilde acted like a spoiled child, throwing the invitation on the table. She had no decent dresses, no jewels, nothing. And she loved nothing but these; she believed herself born only for these (5). She couldnt have been more manipulative than when she began to cry about not having anything to wear. Of course Mr. Loisel suddenly fell into her trap and suddenly decided to give her all of the money in his savings account to buy her a new dress. Most would assume that shed be satisfied at this point; her husband has just made a huge financial sacrifice for her. However, as time drew near to the night of the party, she became insecure and restless because she thought she would look poor if she di dnt have any fancy jewels to wear; she thought shed look like a beggar. `Id almost rather not go to the party (30), she said.Show MoreRelatedThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant863 Words   |  4 PagesThe short story â€Å"The Necklace† written by Guy De Maupassant, tells the story of a married couple who live an average lifestyle together in France—when one day everything in their lives changes due to a simple decision. The author aims to show the reader the power of decision making when faced to decide between needs, wants, honesty and untruthfulness and how every decision we choose to make affect our lives in ways we never thought possible. In the first few lines of the story, the narrator introducesRead MoreThe Necklace by Guy de Maupassant1034 Words   |  5 Pagesregret which Guy de Maupassant depicts throughout â€Å"The Necklace.† Guy de Maupassant, a French writer, born in 1850, was considered one of France’s greatest short-story writers. His writings were mostly influenced by the divorce of his parents when he was thirteen years old and by great writers such as Shakespeare, Schopenhauer, and Flauber. His parent’s divorce caused his stories to depict unhappiness of matrimony, deceit, miscommunication, and a profound misunderstanding (Maupassant, Guy de, 1850-1893)Read MoreThe Necklace by Guy De Maupassant1367 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Being Honest is Always Best† Telling the truth will always prevent future conflicts. Author Guy De Maupassant who lived from 1850 to 1893 proves in the story of â€Å"The Necklace,† that no matter how bad a situation is, speaking with the truth is always best. Now, this author does not prove this theme directly. Instead, throughout various situations in the story the main characters are faced with a long-term conflict because decisions were not made with honesty. Mathilde and Loisel who is her husbandRead MoreThe Necklace, by Guy de Maupassant791 Words   |  4 Pagescharacterized by other people. In â€Å"The Necklace† Mme. Loisel is a beautiful woman with a decent life, and a husband that loves her, and only wants to make her happy. She is not rich but she makes it along, she insists of a better, wealthier life. When her husband gets her invited to a ball, she feels the need for a brand new fancy dress and tons of jewelry. When the couple realizes they cannot afford jewelry as well, they searc h out to borrow her friend, Mme. Forestiers’ necklace. She comes to notice she noRead MoreThe Necklace, By Guy De Maupassant966 Words   |  4 PagesIn Guy De Maupassant’s â€Å"The Necklace,† Mathilde is a 19th century French woman who desires a wealthier lifestyle than she can acquire. She is completely indulged in the material possessions of life and is focused on the items she does not have rather than what she owns. It seems her happiness is entirely dependent on wealth and status. She neglects her husband and is never content with what he can offer. Eventually, Mathilde’s struggles of envy, selfishness, and materialism drive her to poverty.Read MoreThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant934 Words   |  4 Pagesduring this time period was Guy de Maupassant, who wrote one of the most influential short stories of this century. â€Å"The Necklace†, written by Guy de Maupassant, illustrates elements of fiction such as the symbolism of the necklace be cause of Mme. Loisel’s desire to be rich, irony due to the twist ending, and a powerful theme. Firstly, the necklace Mme. Loisel borrows and her perspective symbolizes the desire she has towards being wealthy and important in society. Maupassant describes effectively theRead MoreThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant1381 Words   |  6 Pagesstories are â€Å"The Necklace† by Guy de Maupassant and â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† by James Thurber. â€Å"The Necklace† was about a materialistic woman who faced consequences because of her envious personality and â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† was about a man who experienced daydreams randomly throughout the day. Although both short stories used literary elements, Guy de Maupassant utilized them for readers to understand and enjoy the story more than James Thurber. â€Å"The Necklace† was a short storyRead MoreThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant1093 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the short story titled â€Å"The Necklace† by Guy de Maupassant, it is clear that the main themes being stressed are pride versus greed, and that things are not quite what they appear. Each of these things are represented throughout the story in some way, whether it be using animated language or symbolism. It is also clear that background information clearly aided the development of the themes Maupassant incorporated throughout the passage. It is seen throughout the story that the main characterRead MoreThe Necklace, By Guy De Maupassant999 Words   |  4 PagesIn Guy de Maupassant’s â€Å"The Necklace,† readers experience Mathilde Loisel’s life-changing event. Coming from nobility, de Maupassant tells the story of luxurious desire through the eyes of the middle class woman Mathilde. Mathilde constantly dreams of living the life of the upper class, and this prohibits her from acting in reality. Mathilde’s internal struggle for a sense of social royalty shows readers how quickly selfish pride destroys a person’s life. Throughout the course of â€Å"The NecklaceRead MoreThe Necklace By Guy De Maupassant1019 Words   |  5 PagesIn the short story of â€Å"The Necklace†, the author Guy de Maupassant is a creative and intriguing tale which reveals a person s dreams of a luxurious lifestyle with countless materialistic possessions. He has skillfully developed the story into a mystery which reveals itself at the end. The main point in the story is that materialism can distort your view of happiness and fulfillment. It is wrong to be materialistic to the extent that you disregard what you already have and lose everything. Mathilde

Who Caused Pearl Harbor Essay Example For Students

Who Caused Pearl Harbor Essay Pearl Harbor Day or December 7th 1941, is a day that should live in all Americans minds and never be forgotten. It was the worst single defeat suffered by the United States Navy with losses totaling more than all those suffered in WWI. This attack is of course the fault of Japan, but Americans have to take responsibility for it too. The question is who is responsible for this grave disaster, Washington officials or those in command at Pearl Harbor? Some believe government officials caused Pearl Harbor because of their failure to warn the fleet on time and for withholding valuable information from the commanders in charge of Pearl Harbor. Others, including myself, believe those stationed at the harbor are to blame for this catastrophic tragedy. There was a lack of common sense displayed by the officials, as well as many poor judgment calls. A year before the Pearl Harbor attack, United States government officials cracked Japans secret diplomatic code. As a result, these government officials were able to intercept and translate Japans secret plans involving an attack against the United States Naval bases located in the Pacific. With this new found information, it was determined that logical Japanese attacks would come to the Malay Peninsula or the Dutch East Indies. On November 27, The Navy Department sent Admiral Kimmel, Commander of the Pacific Fleet including Pearl Harbor, a war warning telling him the dangers of attack in the Philippines, Thai, Kra Peninsula, or perhaps Borneo. They went on to tell him to execute an appropriate defensive deployment. This war warning does not specifically mention Pearl Harbor, but common sense should have told Kimmel that when you have a naval base with eight battleships, many smaller ships, some 400 airplanes, and thousands of sailors and civilians sitting on an island in the middle of the Pacific, you should get in a defensive mode and prepare for some kind of attack. To many people the possibility of attacking Pearl Harbor was not some bogus idea thought up by a paranoid sailor. Henry L. Stimson, the United States Secretary of War, in a report giving in the Joint Committee on Investigating Pearl Harbor said, We had spent several million dollars in defense of HawaiiThat Hawaii could be attack if Japan went to war was obvious to everyoneThere was a certain part of the pacific Ocean that we called the Vacant Sea in which there were practically no ships and in which larger movements of ships could occur without anybody seeing them. Stimsons above statement should have made Pearl Harbor even more alert and prepared. However, they seemed more relaxed and unconcerned with the present danger than ever with General Short in command. One thing Short did that helped make things easier for Japan was keeping the planes in tight formation while they were grounded. He might as well have placed and painted them like a bulls eye to help the Japanese practice aiming skills. Short said that the reason the planes were packed so close was to help protect against sabotage. (Pearl Harbor Show) Again this only seems to be encouraging damage to navy equipment because if one was to blow up one plane, the explosion and shrapnel would also hurt the planes nearby as well. Another thing Short did was keep his antiaircraft ammunition so stored that it could not be promptly and immediately available. Short also set up certain times in which the radar was to be used. For example, the radar was to be turned off after 7:00 am. This seems to be especially senseless and ignorant. The radar can detect things farther and better than the naked eye. By having the radar off during daylight hours, valuable time is wasted from when the radar would see planes to when the gaurds eye does. This time could be spent warning the sailors and letting them get to their battle stations. On the morning of December 7th the radar was left on a little bit later to help train a new mechanical worker. .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 , .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .postImageUrl , .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 , .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6:hover , .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6:visited , .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6:active { border:0!important; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6:active , .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6 .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u178412c1ff24062e8c6c8a7127d2a1c6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Oppenheimer and The ATomic Bomb Essay The two sailors who were watching the radar that morning noticed what seemed like a huge air convoy heading in their direction a few miles away .

The Conch Was A Symbol Of Authority. Piggy Was The First To Discover T

The conch was a symbol of authority. Piggy was the first to discover the conch. He always respected it along with Ralph. "We can use this to call the others. Have a meeting. They'll come when they hear us-." (Piggy) It was used to call meetings and whoever held the conch during meetings got to speak. It had magical powers to the boys until they stopped respecting it. Jack was the reason that the conch wasn't respected anymore. The fire was used as a signal for hopes of being rescued. It was the only way of getting of the island. It was Ralph's idea to have a fire and he set a rule to keep the fire going on top of the mountain. "There's another thing. We can help them to find us. If a ship comes near the island they may not notice us. So we must make smoke on top of the mountain. We must make a fire." (Ralph) The hunters never respected the fire and let it go out. The fire eventually saved the boys from the island because of Jack's luck and stupidity. The island represented the world of the boys, kind of like their room. Only in this situation they were confined to their rooms. They had to make the best of the island while they were there in order to survive. "This is our island. It's a good island. Until the grown-ups come to fetch us we'll have fun" (Ralph) Once everyone realized they were on an island and they didn't have any parents to tell them what to do they kind of went of and did whatever they wanted to do. "How can you expect to be rescued if you don't put first things first and act proper?" (Piggy) Piggy's Specs were used to start the fire. Without Piggy's specs they could've never cooked, made a signal, or had a crazy powow. Piggy's specs were the start of the survival chain. They were first broken, then stolen by Jack. That shows a slow and inescapable descent into anarchy and evil. Nobody really thought much of Piggy except for his specs but Ralph. The Lord of the Flies represents the Beast's danger and power. The Lord of the Flies was a pig's head. It was supposed to be a gift for the beast. In the story the pig's head symbolizes the panic and decay that takes place. In Simon's talk with the Lord of the Flies the pig's head told him that he should go back to the others. Bibliography Lord of The Flies

Emerson V Thoreau Essays - Lecturers, Transcendentalism, Free Essays

Emerson V Thoreau Essays - Lecturers, Transcendentalism, Free Essays Emerson V Thoreau Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau: Lecture Essay March 13, 1846 -A lecture by Henry David Thoreau Henry D. Thoreau gave an intellectually stimulating lecture. His political and environmental stances enchanted the audience. His ideas are indicative of self-reliance, simplicity and appreciation. His delivery invited each listener to actively enjoy what he said. Thoreau presented his lecture so that the audience had no choice but to ponder and think about what he said. He was passionate in what he said, as his values and views leaked into the audience like a stream branching out from a river. The following is what I took away from his speech. Thoreau began his speech by addressing his purpose of living alone-a word of discussion in his lecture- and in the woods of Concord. I quoted a passage that he derived from his own book, under the assumption that it was something of significance, either to the audience or himself. In either case, his statement would reveal a part of Thoreau that was of importance to him. I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude. We are for the most part more lonely when we go abroad among men than when we stay in our chambers. A man thinking or working is always alone let him be where he will. (p. 123) Thoreau paused after he read. My initial response to this statement was to think about it. So solitude is physically a friend to you? He answered my question before I could question him. In the absence of people, he had befriended the seasons. He continued to speak of his Natural friends, like the birds who sang for him, and the rain, which entertained him. Thoreaus idea of solitude was that solitude is simply a different state of mind. Instead of the events and actions of other people, he discerned that ones own actions, thoughts and imagination were of equal value. As he spoke, I began to appreciate what he said. His digression from society wasnt the result of dislike for it, but a personal value of living through his own eyes, rather than others eyes. He did not need material things to measure life. Thoreaus next venture featured a fisherman. A quiet man who fished by himself at Walden Pond. Thoreau told a story of this man who came to the pond near everyday in the spring and summer. He fished from the shore, never on a boat. Something separated this man from the rest of those who came to fish. After he caught the fish, no matter the size, he would pack up his gear and leave. Where was this story leading? Thoreau admired the man who satisfied himself so easily, although he never spoke to the man. I wondered if it was a true story. Why would a guy want only one fish? Why so easily satisfied? My mind raced as he spoke, trying to devour and process the words that he said. Suddenly, without contemplation, I asked Thoreau a question. Mr. Thoreau, I said. This man you speak of is different from many in his ways. He travels such a distance for such a tiny reward. Why does he settle for less when he could have more without much marginal effort? Thoreau smiled for the first time during his speech, like he was entertained by my inquiry. My answer can be no better than yours. That was all Thoreau said. At least he wasnt egotistical. His answer seemed to raise me to his level. My answer was just as good as any other answer in the room. Maybe the guy didnt even like fish; he just wanted to be outside. Or maybe his son drowned there in the pond, and he needed to have a part of him everyday, no matter how big or small of a part it may be. Thoreau continued to talk of the fisherman. Although quiet, the man was not silent. He smiled when others greeted him, and offered his hand when other fishermen sought to launch their boats. He loves his life, which is something that not everyone experiences, Thoreau glanced at me. Is it not easier to be happy when your wants are few? Here Thoreau began

The Rule of Saint Benedict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Rule of Saint Benedict - Essay Example One of the reasons why it was and remains so popular is its objectivity, which makes it much more sustainable than related precepts especially because it allows for a moderate line between the zeal of individual devotion and institutionalism1. The rule was essentially designed to create an environment in which the needs of monks in communities could be provided to foster a deeper understanding into human nature, providing spiritual mentorship, support the monk’s ascetic endeavors and develop spiritual growth. This paper will endeavor to analyze the text by primarily focusing on; the historical context in which the Rule emerged, the factors that drove Saint Benedict to write it, his secondary sources of information and the role the rules played and continue to play in religious and non-religious discourse. For as long as it has existed, the rule has been used by Benedictine monks and to many scholars, saint Benedict is considered to be the originator of western monasticism alth ough historians had suggested that he probably had no outward intention of starting a religious order. Among the many advantages of these rules is that they allow of communities of monks to be autonomous and thus operate without outside influence or direct co-operation. Consequently, communities that apply these rules have enjoyed a variety of benefits from the accruing independence such as the development of close internal bonds and more contemplative lifestyles without outside distraction. While the book is quite explicit on some of it requirements, it is not iron clad and it allows the Abbott to use his discretion when circumstances demand it.2 The lessons, according to Benedict were not meant to dictate but provide a guide of those wishing to spend their lives in holy contemplation especially beginners. Overview The rule has seventy-three chapters and these are divided into edicts about the duties of the abbot, regulation of worshiping God, chastisement and consequences for brea king rules, the core management of the monastery and miscellaneous rules. It prologues with a hortary preface through which Saint Benedict lays down the basic tenets of the religious life and the renunciation of an individual’s will to take up a life of Christ In his summation, the rules will serve as the foundation for the formation of a school in which salvation shall the taught as a science. Through their perseverance in the monastery for the duration of their natural lives, monks will be deemed as qualified to be partakers of the kingdom of Christ Owing to the scope of the rules, it is not possible to summarize it explicitly by the chapter since that would require an entire paper of considerable length. Nevertheless, several of the rules, which have a bearing on the historical context to the text, will be briefly discussed herein. Benedict makes it clear that the rule is only relevant to two classes of monks, those are the Cenobites, Hermits, and it precludes the Gyrovagi and Sarabites who did not follow any specific code and were, in Benedict’s opinion a disgrace to the monastic profession. He emphasizes on the authority of the abbot who all the monks must obey without question and in the selfsame way requires the abbot is an honorable and godly individual. Concerning the personal lives of the monk, the rules demand that they must live frugally and what little they have such as extra clothes should be

Fairness in Taxation theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fairness in Taxation theory - Essay Example In 1949, the income tax rate was 50 Percent. Ideally, there was not fairness because every person paid tax on equal tax rates irrespective of how much a person earned. However, when Income and Corporation Act 1970 was enacted in 1970, it improved distribution of tax burden among different income groups. Tax rates were divided into lower rate, basic rate, higher rate, and addition rates depending on the levels of income earned by individuals. On the other hand, corporate tax rates were categorized into small profit rates, small profit upper limit rate, marginal relief limits and the main rate. Categorisation of tax rates for individuals and corporation brought some fairness in the tax system. Brederode (2009) define fairness to paying tax according to ones ability. It should also be based on the benefits (public goods/services) a person or corporation receives from the government. Fairness in taxation means that all people are treated equally without discrimination. Furthermore, Adam Smith defined fair taxation as a progressive tax system. Progressive tax system imposes greater tax burden to the rich as compared to the less rich. Therefore, a person or entity pays tax according to the amount earned and public goods consumed. If a person or entity earns more income or uses more of a public good, tax burden imposed on them also increases. However, fairness varies over time and is highly subjective. According to Adam Smith, statistics indicated that affluent (rich) people often benefit more with economic expansion. Therefore, because benefits accrue more to the richer when there is economic development and expansion; it becomes natural that they pay more tax to support a government that delivers the public goods and services to them. In addition, a large corporation uses more of public good than a small corporation uses and should be taxed more. Furthermore, concerning income tax on individuals, non-domiciled citizens are required to pay taxes on income earned in f oreign country to pay for the benefits he or she received when growing or residing in the original home country. The importance of fairness in taxation Fairness in tax administration is critical. This is because fairness plays a critical role in influencing tax payers behaviours and attitudes. First, fairness in taxation is an indication of distributive justice. When taxpayers feel that the tax burden has been distributed fairly, they are likely to voluntarily contribute their taxes. Therefore, tax enforcement agencies will not increase their surveillance or increase their sanctions to make taxpayers comply. Consequently, will people behave fairly if the tax system treats them fairly and the cost of surveillance or sanctions will be reduced significantly. Secondly, it reduces uncertainties. Taxpayers normally feel anxious about taxes that they pay. However, if they perceive that taxation burden has been applied fairly, their anxiety or uncertainties reduce significantly and are able to concentrate on productive activities. Thirdly, fairness legitimises the tax system. Unfair taxation system may result in psychological reactance in taxpayers and may lead to opposite and retaliatory actions or behaviours. This is because people will perceive unfair tax system as illegitimate and are more likely to evade and avoid taxes. This may result to fewer taxes collects and increased administrative costs. b) Fairness in the 2010/2011 UK’

The article The Mountain Man and American Anguish Essay Example for Free

The article The Mountain Man and American Anguish Essay In the article, The Mountain Man and American Anguish in the Journal of Popular Film Television, Patrick McCarthy reflects on movie production and the image of mountain men. Contrary to how mountain men are shown in contemporary American pop culture media, McCarthy claims that there is a greater connection between that period of time and the different cultural challenges we face today. Staying consistent to the tune of his article, McCarthy claims modern media has skewed the reality of the life of the mountain man. He disagrees with how modern American pop culture portrays the mountain man. McCarthy references movies including the â€Å"Adventures of Kit Carson† and â€Å"The Oregon Trail,† as well as other movies, all of which depict mountain men as uncouth ruffians lacking any form of human nature or any civilized attributes. He attempts to illustrate that the mountain men were actually a very real reflection of contemporary society, that is people overwhelmed by lack of any control of their lives or controlled by a sadistic pleasure in inflicting pain. According to McCarthy, many things contributed to these circumstances: remoteness, self debasement and other less than ideal conditions. It resembles current situations in which people feel the overpowering conviction that they are devoid of control over their own life and lack of liberty. The portrayal of mountain men in this fashion should convince contemporary society that finding solutions in adverse situations is within the power of any collective people. All that is necessary is determination and undying resilience. As far as can be ascertained from historical documents, mountain men demonstrated the necessary ability to carve out a living independent of outside help. In The Mountain Man and American Anguish, Patrick McCarthy reveals good insight but is not free from his share of imperfections. The article bases most of its argument on how todays film industry falsely portrays past and present cultures. The article utilizes popular culture to draw people down to earth, in respect to the vast value of how the American populace is viewed in a time of agony. The article has a limited review of the whole picture. It only reviews a limited amount of movies which is important to the picture Hollywood presents. the mountain man, it would be much better if the article  listed movies with a more accurate portrayal of mountain men. Works Cited McCarthy, Patrick. The Mountain Man and American Anguish. Journal of Popular Film

Willie Russells Educating Rita :: Willie Russell Educating Rita Essays

Willie Russell's Educating Rita In this play, Willie Russell has created two extremes of culture and put them together to focus on the differences between them and how these two cultures change as the play develops. Firstly there is Frank with a good job as a teacher and a large house and is well educated, who is contrasted with Rita who has a council house, works as a hairdresser and is not well educated. They first meet when Rita goes to Frank because she wants to be educated. As the play continues, Frank and Rita almost completely exchange roles as they are both unhappy with their culture and want to be more like the other. This play was written in the 1980's where the working, middle and upper classes were still used widely to determine what your culture was and how important you are to the social society at the time. The theme of culture appears a lot in the play. One of the ways that Willie Russell shows the two distinctly different cultures is how much power the higher classes have over the lower classes. In the play knowledge is shown as a symbol of power. Frank has the superior knowledge over Rita so therefore he also has more power over Rita. But when Rita returns from summer school and is more knowledgeable than Frank because Frank wanted to be more like Rita, so Rita has more power over Frank as she now has the superior knowledge. I think that the swivel chair determines who is most in control over the other person in terms of power and knowledge. At the start of the play Frank is sat in the swivel chair, but once Rita is further educated she sits in the swivel chair. The fact that it is a swivel chair that determines power is significant because it turns around. Much like Frank and Rita as the power turned from being in Frank in to Rita. Willie Russell also used education to show the two different cultures that Frank and Rita live in. Rita says that she wants to be educated because she wants to know everything as she is not happy being classed as working class. But Denny, Rita's husband, does not want her to change and he does this by burning all of her books. Education also symbolises power as Frank has the power to change is life because he is educated, but Rita wants to become educated so she can change her way of life and culture. Education affects the audiences' interpretations of the play as the two extremes of culture that are

Expository Essay Essay

#3 focusing on the importance of the past and how ‘The Kite Runner’ shows no matter how deeply it might be buried, it finds a way to re-surfacing Have you ever tried to run away from your past? And did it work for you? Well in the book we learn that a lot of characters try to run away from their past, for instance Baba hiding the fact that Hassan is also his son or when Amir witnessed Hassan being raped. They all tried to run away from their past but it all caught up with them in the end, like Amir said â€Å"My past was like that always turning up†. There is no way to hide from your past, whether you try to run away from it or bury it as deep as you can because the past always claws it way out. An example could be Amir trying to forget that he was a bystander to Hassan’s rape. He tried to forget everything, delete everything that happened about that night. ‘But even though life goes on memories remain forever’. He lied about Hassan stealing his watch and money thought chasing Ali and Hassan away might help him forget or ease his pain . When he received that phone call from Rahim Khan saying there is a way to be good again, he knew that it was time for him to face his fear. Going back to Kabul frightened him, he was about to face his deepest fear, everything in Kabul changed it was not the same. He wanted to make his father proud and be the brave man his father expected and longed for, just like Hassan. Sometimes it’s not always our guilt that forbids us to forget but the judgement of people in our community. When she ran away with her older boyfriend and moved in with him, she was seen as a disgraceful girl with no respect in the Afghan community. Soraya status is later restored when she gets married to Amir who’s a much respected man in the afghan community. Sometimes keeping a secret could be the cause of our death. In Baba case we learn that the cause o his death could be keeping the secret that Hassan was his son. When his diagnosed with cancer he refuses the treatment, possibly because he has accepted that was his punishment for his ‘sin’. On the end Baba dies as a tortured soul. Furthermore we learn that we the past cannot be forgotten or ignored but we can make peace with it. The kite runner illustrates that we learn from our mistakes which helps to be better people and more accepting of others. Like Amir said,’for the first time since the winter of 1975 I felt at peace†¦ Healed at last ‘.

The General Experimental Psychology Master Essay - 781 Words

As a dedicated and hard-working student, I am looking for a graduate school that will challenge my abilities and help me to grow even further. The General Experimental Psychology Master’s Program at the University of Colorado-Colorado Springs (UCCS) seems like it would do just that. My ambition and self-motivation had led me to graduate in three years with a double major in Psychology (B.S.) and Sociology (B.A.) with a minor in statistics. At Olivet I have received solid academic training and hands on experience. The behavioral science department is exceptional and has prepared me for the next level. Some of the activities I have been able to be a part of within Olivet’s psychology department is my own quantitative research project, assisting a professor with her research, and a practicum experience in the Business side of psychology. 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